#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int t;
cin >> t;
while(t--)
{
int n;
cin >> n;
vector<int > v;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
{
int a;
cin >> a;
v.push_back(a);
}
vector<int> :: iterator it = max_element(v.begin(),v.end());
vector<int> :: iterator itt = min_element(v.begin(),v.end());
cout << *it-*itt << endl;
}
return 0;
}
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